Chapter 2

Text Preprocessing

Before text reaches a model, it must be transformed into a structured form the model can work with. This chapter walks through the standard preprocessing pipeline (tokenization, stop word removal, and stemming vs. lemmatization) and explains when each step matters (and when modern transformer-based models let you skip it).

• 1. The Preprocessing Pipeline→
• 2. Tokenization→
• 3. Stop Words→
• 4. Stemming and Lemmatization→